ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻaʻahu hoʻokaʻawale hoʻopau, nā ʻaʻahu pale a me nā ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki

ʻO nā ʻaʻahu hoʻokaʻawale hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia, nā ʻaʻahu pale i hoʻopau ʻia, a me nā ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki i hoʻopau ʻia, ʻo ia nā mea pale pilikino a pau i hoʻohana mau ʻia i nā haukapila. Akā i ke kaʻina o ka nānā ʻana i ke kino, ʻike pinepine mākou i ka huikau o nā limahana lapaʻau e pili ana i kēia mau mea ʻekolu. Ma hope o ka nīnau ʻana e pili ana i ka ʻike, e kamaʻilio ka mea hoʻoponopono iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā mea like a me nā ʻokoʻa o nā ʻekolu mai kēia mau ʻaoʻao.

1. Hana

ʻO nā ʻaʻahu hoʻokaʻawale hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia: nā mea pale i hoʻohana ʻia no nā limahana lapaʻau e pale aku i ka haumia e ke koko, nā wai o ke kino, a me nā mea maʻi ʻē aʻe i ka wā e hoʻopili ai, a i ʻole e pale i nā maʻi mai ka maʻi. ʻO ka ʻaʻahu hoʻokaʻawale he ʻelua ala kaʻawale e pale ai i nā limahana lapaʻau mai ka maʻi a i ʻole ka maʻi a me ka maʻi mai ka maʻi.

ʻO nā lole pale i hoʻokuʻu ʻia: nā lako pale e hoʻohana ʻia e nā limahana lapaʻau i ka wā e launa pū ai lākou me nā maʻi me ka Papa A a i ʻole nā ​​​​maʻi lele i mālama ʻia e nā maʻi maʻi maʻi A. ʻO nā lole pale no ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi o nā limahana lapaʻau a he mea hoʻokahi o ka kaʻawale.

ʻAʻahu ʻokiʻoki hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia: ʻO ka ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki e pāʻani i ʻelua ala pale i ka wā o ka hana. ʻO ka mea mua, hoʻokumu ka ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki i ka pale ma waena o ka mea maʻi a me nā limahana lapaʻau, e hōʻemi ana i ka hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā limahana lapaʻau me ke koko o ka mea maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​wai kino ʻē aʻe a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi i ka wā o ka hana; ʻO ka lua, hiki i ka ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki ke ālai i ka noho ʻana/pili i ka ʻili a i ʻole ka lole o nā limahana lapaʻau. ) a me ka vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE). No laila, ua manaʻo ʻia ka hana pale o nā ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki ʻo ia ke kī e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia o ka maʻi i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana [1].

2. Nā hōʻailona lole

ʻAʻahu hoʻokaʻawale hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia: 1. Ke hoʻopili ʻana i nā poʻe maʻi me nā maʻi lele i hoʻolaha ʻia e ka hoʻopili ʻana, e like me ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka bacteria multidrug-resistant. 2. I ka lawe ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale palekana o nā maʻi, e like me ka hōʻoia ʻana, ka mālama ʻana a me ka hānai ʻana i nā maʻi me nā maʻi kuni nui a me nā maʻi graft iwi. 3. Hiki ke pīpī ʻia e ke koko o ka mea maʻi, nā wai kino, nā mea huna a me nā feces. 4. No ke komo ʻana i nā keʻena koʻikoʻi e like me ka ICU, NICU, a me nā keʻena pale, inā e ʻaʻahu i nā ʻaʻahu kaʻawale a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻoholo ʻia e like me ke kumu o ke komo ʻana a me ke kūlana pili o nā limahana lapaʻau.

ʻO nā lole pale e hoʻokuʻu ʻia: 1. Ke hoʻopili ʻana i nā maʻi me nā maʻi lele papa A a i ʻole Class A. 2. Ke hoʻopili aku i nā poʻe maʻi me ka SARS, Ebola, MERS, H7N9 avian influenza, etc., pono e hahai ʻia nā alakaʻi hoʻomalu maʻi hou loa.

ʻAʻahu ʻokiʻoki hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia: Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka mālama invasive o nā maʻi i loko o kahi lumi hana kūikawā.

3. Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā koi waiwai

ʻO nā lole hoʻokaʻawale hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia: Hana ʻia nā lole hoʻokaʻawale hoʻokuʻu ʻia me nā mea i ulana ʻole ʻia, a i hui pū ʻia me nā mea me ka impermeability ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, e like me ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni plastik. Ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana hui pū ʻole i ulana ʻole ʻia ma kahi o ka hoʻopili geometric o nā mea i ulana ʻia a me nā mea i ulana ʻia, he kūpaʻa a paʻakikī. Hiki i nā lole hoʻokaʻawale ke uhi i ke kino a me nā lole a pau e hana i mea pale kino no ka lawe ʻana i nā microorganism a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Pono e loaʻa i ka impermeability, abrasion resistance a me ka waimaka pale [2]. I kēia manawa,ʻaʻohe kūlana kūikawā ma Kina. He wahi hoʻolauna pōkole wale nō e pili ana i ka hoʻokomo ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana i ke kapa kaʻawale i ka "Isolation Technical Specifications" (pono e wehe ʻia ka ʻaʻahu kaʻawale ma hope e uhi i nā lole āpau a me ka ʻili i ʻike ʻia), akā ʻaʻohe kikoʻī a me nā mea, etc. Nā hōʻailona pili. Hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia nā ʻaʻahu hoʻokaʻawale me ka ʻole o ka pāpale. Ma ka hoʻoholo ʻana mai ka wehewehe ʻana i nā ʻaʻahu hoʻokaʻawale i loko o ka "Technical Specifications for Isolation in Hospitals", ʻaʻohe koi no ka anti-permeability, a hiki i nā lole hoʻokaʻawale ke wai a i ʻole ka wai.

Hōʻike maopopo ka maʻamau e pono i nā lole pale ke loaʻa ka hana pale wai (ka wai kūpaʻa, moisture permeability, synthetic blood penetration resistance, surface moisture resistance), flame retardant properties a me nā waiwai antistatic, a pono ke kū'ē i ka haki ʻana i ka ikaika, elongation i ka haki, kānana. Aia nā koi no ka pono.

Nā ʻaʻahu ʻoki kino hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia: I ka makahiki 2005, ua hoʻopuka koʻu ʻāina i nā ʻano maʻamau e pili ana i nā ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki (YY/T0506). Ua like kēia maʻamau me ka European standard EN13795. Loaʻa i nā maʻamau nā koi maʻemaʻe e pili ana i nā waiwai pale, ka ikaika, ke komo ʻana o ka microbial, a me ka hōʻoluʻolu o nā mea lole lole. [1]. ʻO ka ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki he pono ʻole, sterile, hoʻokahi ʻāpana, a ʻaʻohe pāpale. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo nā ʻāʻī o nā ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki he elastic, he maʻalahi ke komo a he mea kōkua i ke komo ʻana i nā mīkina lima maʻemaʻe. ʻAʻole hoʻohana wale ia no ka pale ʻana i nā limahana lapaʻau mai ka hoʻohaumia ʻana e nā mea infectious, akā no ka pale ʻana i ke kūlana sterile o nā ʻāpana i ʻike ʻia o ka hana.

E hōʻuluʻulu

Ma keʻano o ka hiʻohiʻona, ua hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻiʻia nā lole pale mai nāʻaʻahu kaʻawale a me nāʻaʻahuʻoki. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki a me nā ʻaʻahu kaʻawale. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e like me ka lōʻihi o ke kāʻei (pono e nakinaki ʻia ke kāʻei o ka ʻaʻahu kaʻawale i mua no ka wehe maʻalahi.

Mai kahi hiʻohiʻona hana, loaʻa nā ʻekolu i nā kikowaena. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā koi no nā ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki a me nā lole pale ma mua o nā ʻaʻahu hoʻokaʻawale. Ma nā hihia i hoʻohana mau ʻia ai nā ʻaʻahu kaʻawale i ka hana lapaʻau (e like me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā hua bacteria anti-drug resistant), hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki a me nā ʻaʻahu, akā inā pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki, ʻaʻole hiki ke pani ʻia e nā ʻaʻahu.

Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻokomo ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana, ʻo nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻaʻahu kaʻawale a me nā ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki penei: (1) Ke kau a wehe ʻia ke kapa hoʻokaʻawale, e nānā pono i ka ʻili maʻemaʻe e pale i ka haumia, ʻoiai ka ʻO kaʻaʻahuʻokiʻoki e nānā nui aku i ka hana aseptic; (2) ka lole hoʻokaʻawale Hiki ke hana ʻia e ke kanaka hoʻokahi, a pono ke kōkua ʻia ka ʻaʻahu ʻokiʻoki e ke kōkua; (3) Hiki ke hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ke kapa me ka ʻole o ka haumia. E kau iā ia ma kahi kūpono ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana, a pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ke kapa ʻokiʻoki, disinfected/sterilized a hoʻohana ʻia ma hope o ke kau ʻana i hoʻokahi manawa. Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia nā lole pale i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā keʻena microbiology, nā maʻi infectious negative pressure ward, Ebola, avian influenza, mers a me nā maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe e pale aku i nā limahana lapaʻau mai nā pathogens. ʻO ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā meaʻekolu he mau mea koʻikoʻi ia no ka paleʻana a me ka mālamaʻana i ka maʻi i loko o nā halemai, a he hana nui i ka paleʻana i nā maʻi a me nā limahana lapaʻau.